Hydraulic press with double-piston ram.



No. 836,350. PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906. S. J. WEBB. E HYDRAULIC PRESS WITHDOUBLE PISTON RAM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.5,1901.

z SHEETS-sum1.

PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

s. J. WEBB. HYDRAULIC BEBES WITH DOUBLE BIsToN BAM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.5.1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

3m. ue vn to@ rnviTEn srArEs PATENT oEEioEo SAMUEL J. WEBB, OF MINDEN,LOUISIANA.

HYDRAULIC PRESS WITH DOUBLE-PISTON RAM.

Speeicaton of Letters Patent.

I Patented Nov. 20, 19(16.

Application filed April 5, 1901. Serial No. 54,536.

with Double-Piston Rams, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hydraulic presses for compressing cotton andother similar materials, and it has for its object to provide animproved construction and arrangement of hydraulic-press involving moreparticularly what may be termed a double-piston ram operating inconnection with the press proper; and to these ends my inventionconsists in the various features of construction and arrangement ofparts, havinfrthe general mode of operation substantially as hereinaftermore particularly pointed out.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof thedoub episton ram, showing the parts in what may be termed theirnormalf positions..- Fig. 2 is a similar sectional view of thedouble-piston ram, showing the parts in another position. Fig. 3 is avertical section of a press proper, which in this instance is shownconnected to the double-piston rain of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlargedinverted plan view showing the rock-shafts With an arrangement of camssuitable for operating the various* valves, these being shown on aslightly enlarged scale for the' purpose of clearness. Fig. 5 is aperspective view of the valve arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 4. .Fig-6 is a siii e view of the valves and operating devices therefor. Fig. 7is a sectional view showing the referred construction of the valves.,and Fig.,8 is a plan view of the distance-piece.

In carrying out my invention it will be understood that the hydraulicpress proper may vary in construction7 that "shown in the drawings beingfor the purposes of illustration and being one well adapted for use inconnection with a d crible-piston ram, and it is to be understood thatmy invention is not limitel to the use of the particular press shown andescriberl. This press A consists, generally stated, of a stationary bodyor platen A', which is connectedl by suitable rods, as A2, to thehydraulic cylinder A3, which is suitably mounted or supported on aproper base A1. This hydrau ic cylinder A3 may have any desired numberof cylinders A5, two

being shown in the present instance, connected at the bottom by apassage A.

Mounted in these two cylinders A5 are the.

rams A1, which may be of any desired construction, but which in thepresent instance are shown as hollow rams of a length slightly less thanthe length of the cylinders A5.

Connected to move in connection with the stationary bed or platen A is amovable bed or platen As, and this in the present instanceA is guided bythe rods-A2 and is connected to rthe rams A7, and while the connectonsmay vary, in the present instance I have shown distance-pieces A9recessed on their upper faces and adapted to iit projections A10 on theunder side of the movable platen A8 and havingsimilar projections A11`adapted to fit corresponding recesses in the .tops of the,

rams A1. These projections are not absolutely necessary, but areadvantageous in lo.

eating and holding the parts together, and in the present instance Ihave shown screw rods or bolts A12, the heads being countersunk in thetop of the movable platen A8 and theirstems passing through openings inthe dis`-;

tance-pieces and taking into screw-threaded openings in the tops of therams. These distance-pieces AD are preferably provided with slots w,extending from their central opening to one side, so that when thescrewbolts A12 are'loosened the distance-piecesA".

can be removed and the screw-bolts A12 operated so as to permit the ramsA7 to descend to the lowermost position in the cylinders A5,

readilyy manipulated for adjustment or repairs, the platen A11 beingheld or blocked up enough to clear the distance-pieces while this isbeingdone.

The movable platen As in the present instance is shown as pro vided.with a grooved bed-plate A14, which may be removably supported on themoving platen A8, but preferably, as shown in the present instance, the

plate is made in three sections and the sideV "9 exposing thepacking-rings A13 in the upper` portions of the cylinders, so that theycan beY ICO extending projection B5, and may be made of any desiredlength, but preferably about onefourth the length of the stroke, asshown. Mounted in the cylinder B is a low-pressure piston C, to which isattached or formed integral therewith a ram C having a iston-head C2,Working in the cylinder B3. his ram is itself cylindrical and hollow andforms a hydraulic cylinder D for the ram D', mounted 1o on' thehigh-pressure piston D2, working in the cylinder B, and arranged in thepresent instance so that the ram D passes through a central opening C4in the piston C and the ram C. This cylinder D inthe ram C is of a sizeto receive the projection B5 when the arts are in the positions shown inFig. 2.

he stems of the rams Cl D are provided with heads and packings so as toavoid exposing, the stems to the liquid and heating the zo liquid in thecylinders, which it is important to avoid when the same liquid is usedcontinuously. In operating hydraulic rams of this character it isessential to provide some means for cushioning the parts toprevent .z 5accidents from shocks, &c., especially when they are rigidly operated,and in the present instance all the moving parts of the pistons and ramsare so provided. For instance, the

low-pressure piston C is provided with a pro- 30, jection C5, which isada ted to iit more or less closely in the cylinder 3 and form a cushionwhen the piston is moved upward by cutting off the escape through thevent-pipe, hereinafter described. This piston is also formed 3 5 with arecess C6 in the under side, Which is adapted to receive a projection D3on the upper side of the high-pressure piston D2, and this high-pressurepiston is further pro- .vided with a projection D4 on its under side,adapted to enter a recess B5 in the head B2, controlling the exhaustfrom the cylinder. Furthermore, the ram C', which, as before stated,receives'the projection B5, serves as a cushion by cutting off the mainoutlet from the cylinder B3.

All the parts of the pistons and rams vare provided with suitablepacking, as indicated. Thus the low-pressure piston C is provided withpacking c, the ram C with packing c. The piston D2 is provided withpacking d, and the central opening C4 in the piston C, through which theram D/ passes, is provided with packing d. So also the recess C3 inthepiston C, and the recess B in the head B2 55 and head B1 are providedwith packing, as

indicated but not specifically lettered.

The cylinder B3 is provided with a port B, which in the present instanceis shown in the form vof a passage through the projection B5, andconnected to this port is a pipe E, leading to the hydraulic cylinder A3of the press A andshown in the present instance as connected to thepassage A thereof at the point- E. No valve need be supplied to thispipe 6 5 between the cylinder B3 and cylinders A5, as

the water or other fluid'contained in the pipe and cylinders is usedover and over, being drawn forward or backward in operating the press,and communication between the press cylinders A5 and the low-pressurecylinder B3 of the ram is cut off When the low-pressure piston C and itsram C are in the positions shown in Fig. 2, or in the latter part of its(sitrollge by the projection B5 entering the cylin- In order that thelow-pressure rain Cl may attain the posit-ion shown in Fig. 2, theprojection B5 enters t-he cylinder D and thereby cuts off the flow offluid through the port B5, and the pipe E is provided with a by pass G,connect-ing the head B4 of the cylinder and the pipe E and provided witha valve\G, wh ich opens automatically under pressure to allow the fluidto ow from the top of the cylinder B3 into the pipe E, and may be in theform of a Asimple check-valve,l In order, however, to provide means toallow the ram C to move from the position shown in Fig. 2, it isnecessary to allow fluid to pass into the top end of'the cylinder B3,and I accomplish this by providing some means of operating the valve inthe by-pass G, and in the prescnt instance I have shown a lever G2,having a cam g, adapted to open the check or other valve G.

The pistons in the present instance are adapted to be operated bysteam-pressure, and I therefore provide a suitable steampipe H,connected with any source of supply, and from this main steam-pipe leadsa pipe H to a pipe I, attached to the head B2, and connected to thehigh-pressure piston D2 is a pipe I', which recprocates with. the pistonand moves up and down in the pipe I. This pipe I is suitably connectedsoas to deliver steam between the low and high pressure pistons C and D2,and in the present instance the ram D is made hollow at its lowerportion D5 and the pipe I is connected thereto, While an o ening oropenings d5 are made in the ram D to permit steam-to pass out of thehollow extension D5. Also leading from the steam-pipe H is a pipe H2,which in the present instance is shown as entering the recess B6 in thecylinder B below the high-pressure piston D2. There is an exhaust-pipeH3 connected to the steam-pipe H by a pipe H4 and to the steam-pipe H2by a pipe H5, and interposed in the pipes are suitable steam-valves G3G5 and exhaust-valves G4 G5, and these valves may be. controlled in anysuitable way, as by the levers J J', vmounted on a bracket J 2 on thepress proper. In the present instance I have shown two rock-shafts J3J4, provided, res ectively, l.with levers J5 J6 and having suita le camsg3 g4 g5 g3. j These levers J5 J 5 are respectively connected-to theoperating-levers J and J by any suitable means, as the connecting-linksJ3 J7. So also the operating-lever J is connected to opy erate the valvelG' in any suitable way', as by the connecting-rod J 2, lever J1", androd J, connected to lever G2. There is a pipeK connected to the head B'of the cylinder B, which serves as an air-vent through which air mayflow to and from the cylinder B.-

above the low-pressure piston C, the upward iiow of air being 'cut offby the projection C5 when it moves upward, entering the opening in thehead B', so that the movement of the low-pressure piston upward isproperly cushioned, as before set forth.

1 Such being the preferred construction and arrangement of parts, whenthe parts of the A ram are in the positions ,shown in Fig. l and it isdesired to operate the movable platen A8 of the press A, Irst operatethelow-pressure piston C by admitting` steam between the twov pistons Cand D2. In order to do this in the present arrangement, thehand-operatinglever` J is moved in the proper direction, (toward thepoint 6,' Fig. 3,) so as to operate the valve G and admit steam into thepipe I,

which steam passes through the pipe I',

through the hollow portion D5 of the ram D',

and out through the opening or openings d5 cylinder D between thepistons, and the piston C is forced up to about the position indicatedin Fig. 2. In doing this the ram C' has forced the fluid from thecylinder B5 through the pipe E into the hydraulic cylinders A5,operating their rams A7, lifting the movable platen A2, and compressingthe material between the platens. In doing this, as the ram C' passesover the projection B5 the flow of Huid through the port B7 is cut offbut the pressure in the end of the cylinder o ens the check-valve G inthel by-pass G, an the fluid continues to flow through the pipe E. Whenthe projection C5 enters the opening in the head B and cuts 0H the flowof air through the pipe K, a portion of the air is confined between thehead B' `and the top of the piston C, forming a cushion. The valve G6 isclosed by moving the lever J to the left to its normal position.y Thelever J' is then moved to the right to the point indicated by 3 in thearc above the lever, and thiseoperates rockshaft J 5 and through themedium of the cam g? opens the steam-valve G2, and steam is admittedthrough the pipe H2 under the highpressure piston-D2, and this is forcedupward, driving the ram D', with its head D6y in the L of the ram C',forcing the fluid therefrom into the pipe E, and owing to the relativesize of the piston D2 and the head D5 of the ram D the fluid-pressure islargely increased, and the rams A7 are forced upward under this -finalpressure, completing the pressure on the bale or other material betweenthe platens. Coincident with the opening of steam-valvelG3 one of thecams g'1 on the rock-shaft J3 has been operated to a Greater or lesseXtent,so as to partially at ljeast operate; exhaust-valve G4, so as topermit more or less of the steam between the pistons C and D2 to escapeand offer no resistance to the movement of the piston D2;

l but sufficient is retained to sustain thevweight of piston C when theram is worked in a vertical position, as shown in the drawings, but thisis not necessary if the ram is worked horizontally, andthe lever J' canbe moved to the right beyond the point 3 in the arc, as to the point 4,in completely exhausting the steam between the pistons C and D2 when itis desired to do so. When the ,pressure upon the bale is complete, thelever J' is returned to its normal position shown and all the valves areclosed, while the material, as the bale of cotton, is beingmanipulated-as, for instance, being banded. When this is beingaccomplished, the lever J' is moved to the left to the points indicatedby the numerals 1, 5, and 4 on the arc above the lever, and in doingthis check-valve G' is opened by the cam on the lever G2, theexhaust-valve G5 is opened by the cam g5 on the rock-shaft J", and theexhaust-valve G4 is opened by the other portion of the double cam 91 onthe rock-shaft J5, which allows all the steam to escape and the parts toreturn to their normal positions. It will be observed that there is noback pressure offluid from the pipe E on the ram C' tending to cause thelow-pressure piston to descend,`as this pressure is cut off by theprojection B5 entering the ram C', and the check-valve G' vprevents thebackward4 l flow of the fluid through the by-pass pipe G. 4When the baleor other'material has been sufmay be admitted or exhausted with thepis-C,

tons at any points of their strokes'.

When it is desired to pack the rams A7, the platen A5 is blocked up highenough to clear the distance-piecesA2, the side sections A15 of theplate A14 may be removed, the screws A12 loosened, and thedistance-pieces A2 removed, and then the rams A7, being shorter than thecylinders A5, will while resting on the bottom of said cylinders permitaccess to the packing-rings A13.

It may be remarked that instead of using separatedistancepieces A2,these may be in the form of integral projections on the under side ofthe platen A5.

In actual practice I preferablymake thel ram C' tapering, being thickerat its end most distant from the piston C, where the greatest I pressureis upon the hydraulic cylinder D inside the rain, and this conduces tolightness and cheapness and provides strength at the proper place. ram Dwith a body portion smaller than the cylinder D, so as to leave a spacebetween them to prevent radiation of heat, the head D6 of the ram ofcourse fitting closely the cylinder D and being provided with properpacking d6. 1

In order that the hydraulic cylinder B3 may be kept cool, I preferablyprovide a narrow bearing-surface b at the-end Where it rests on the headB, and 'also surround it with a water-jacket bf.

What I claim is- 1. In a hydraulic press, the combination with ahydraulic cylinder, of a movable platen, a plurality of rams operatingin the hydraulic cylinder, bolts connecting the platen with therespective rams, and a sectional plate secured to the platen to coversaid bolts, whereby the removal of one section ofthe plate will affordaccess to the connecting-bolts of one or another of the rams,substantially as set forth.

2. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a cylinder, of two pistonsworking in the cylinder, one of the pistons having a recess and theother a projection serving as a cushioning device between their adjacentfaces, substantially as described.

3. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a cylinder, of two pistonsworking in the cylinder, pipe connections and valves for deliveringsteam to and from the space between the twopistons to operate one of thesame and for delivering steam to and from the space behind the otherpiston, said valves being constructed and arranged to admit and exhauststeam to and from the space between the pistons when the same are at anypoint of their stroke, substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a cylinder, ofpistonsworking therein and having high and low pressure plungersattached thereto, pipe connections and valves for delivering steambetween the pisvtons for operating the pistoncarrying the low-pressureplunger and behind the piston carrying the high-pressure plunger, saidvalves being constructed and arranged to admit and exhaust steam to andfrom the. space between the pistons when the same are at any point oftheir stroke, substantially as described. I

5. In a hydraulic ram, the combination witha steam-cylinder and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of a high and a low pressurepiston in the steam-cylinder, one of the pistons carrying a ram working1n the hydraulic cylinder and the other piston carrying a piston-headworking in the ram of the first piston, and means coacting with thelow-pressure ram and in virtue of which the latter re- So, too, Ipreferably make the lieves itself of back pressure after being carried apart of its stroke and is held in this position while the high-pressurepiston is being operated to give the final pressure, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder, and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of two pistons working in thesteam-cylinder, one Aof the pistons being provided with a hollow ramfitting the hydraulic cylinder, the other piston being provided with aram fitting the hollow ram, a passage in one of said pistons, and a pipeconnectedthereto extending outside the steam-cylinder whereby steam maybe delivered between the two pistons or exhausted therefrom when eitherof the pistons is in any position, substantially as described.

7. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder, and ahydraulic cylinder connected .thereto having a hollow projection in itsouter end, of a piston mounted in the steam-cylinder, a hollow hydraulicram mounted thereon and adapted to embrace the projection in saidcylinder, av pipe leading from said projection, and a by-pass providedwith a valve connecting said pipe with the end of the cylinder,substantiallyas described.

8. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder, and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of a high and a low pressurepiston working in the steam-cylinder, a low-pressure hydraulic ramconnected to one piston and forming a high-pressure cylinder, ahigh-pressure piston connected to the other piston and working insaid-'highpressure cylinder, and means for automatically cutting off theexhaust from the front of low-pressure steam-pistonl to form a cushionfor said piston, and means for automatically cutting oli the exhaustfrom between the istons to form a cushion to prevent their striking eachother, substantially as described.

9. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder, and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of high and low pressure pistonsin the steam-cylinder, a ram connected to each piston, and a steam-pipeconnected to and moving with one ofthe pistons to deliver steam betweenthe pistons and allow it to exhaust therefrom, substantially asdescribed.

10. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder, and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of high and low pressure pistonsin the steam-cylinder, a ram connected to each piston, a steam-pipeconnected to and moving with one of the pistons to deliver steam betweenthe pistons, and allow it to exhaust therefrom, and a tele.-

scopic section connected to the steam-cylinder in which said pipeoperates, substantially as described. y

11. In a hydraulic machine, the combina- IOC IIO

tion`of a'lowpressure hydraulic cylinder having a ram or plunger adaptedto work therein and an opening communicating with the pipe leading tothe apparatus to be operated, a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder havinga ram or plunger ada ted to work therein, means for operating t em, andmeans whereby the low-pressure ram or plunger will .cut offcommunication between the low-pressure cylinder and the apparatus to beoperated and prevent pressure in the low-pressure cylinder while thehigh pressure is being applied to the other ram, substantially asdescribed.

12. A hydraulic machine, having a hollow low-pressure ram fitting ahydraulic cylinder and a high-pressure ram adapted to work within thelow-pressure ram, and means 'for preventing pressure on the forward endof the low-pressure ram while the high-pressure ram is being operated,substantially as described.

13. A hydraulic machine, having a hollow low-pressure ram fitting ahydraulic cylinder and a high-pressure ram adapted to work within thelow-.pressure ram, means for operating both rams, and means forpreventing pressure on the forward end of the lowpressure ram while thehigh-pressure ram is being operated, substantially as described. y

14. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with amotor-cylinderand ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of two pistons working in themotor-cylinder, the forward piston carrying a hollow ram tting thehydraulic cylinder, the rear piston carrying a ram fitting the cylinderof the hollow ram, and means whereby the pressure in the low-'pressurecylinder is cut 0H to prevent its ram from being forced back while thehigh pressure is being 4o applied by the other ram, su stantially as described.

15. In a hydraulic ram, the combination with a steam-cylinder and ahydraulic cylinder connected thereto, of pistons having a low-pressureplunger and a high-pressure plunger lconnected thereto, each pistonworking in the steam cylinder, the lowpressure plunger being hollow andhaving a pistonhead on its forward end fitting the hydraulic cylinderand bored to form a cylinder, the other plunger carrying a pistonhead onits forward end and fitting the cylinder of the hollow plunger, andindependent means for directing the motor fluid etween and back of theistons, substantially as described and for t e purposes set forth.'

16. In a hydraulic ram, the combination of a low-pressure cylinderhaving a ram adapted to work therein, said lowpressure ram havinga-piston or head at its outer end, a high-pressure cylinder having a ramadapttons and means for applying power thereto to operate the rams, andmeans coacting with -the piston of the low-pressure ram whereby pressureis prevented in the low- Cpressure. cylinder while the high-pressure ramis being operated, substantlally as set forth.

f In testimony whereof I, have signed myl name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL J. WEBB.

I Witnesses:

' F. L. FREEMAN,

W. CLARENCE DUvALL.

ed to work therein, independent motor-pis-l

